Urban fox welfare raises complex questions about human-wildlife coexistence, with foxes experiencing unique stressors in urban environments alongside novel opportunities.
Urban foxes navigate environments with high traffic density, territorial competition with dogs, mange outbreaks, and deliberate snaring. While urban habitats offer food abundance, the welfare costs of chronic stress, mange, and injury are significant. Mange treatment programmes using medicated bait have successfully reduced prevalence in targeted areas, demonstrating that proactive welfare intervention is feasible.