Companion Animal Welfare

Dog Perinatal Neonatal Welfare Bitch

The periparturient period carries significant welfare risks for the bitch and her puppies. Good management prevents complications and suffering.

Key Facts

Dystocia (difficult whelping) occurs in 5-10% of dog breeds and more in brachycephalics
Eclampsia (hypocalcaemia) can develop in the first 3 weeks of lactation
Mastitis causes acute pain and threatens milk supply for puppies
Metritis (uterine infection) requires prompt veterinary treatment
Neonatal fading puppy syndrome causes significant puppy mortality in some litters

Welfare Considerations

The whelping and neonatal period is a high-risk welfare event for both bitch and puppies. Complications including dystocia, eclampsia, and mastitis cause significant suffering if not promptly recognized and treated. Good preparation, experienced monitoring, and access to emergency veterinary care prevent most serious outcomes.

What You Can Do

Attend a reputable pre-whelping preparation course before breeding
Monitor the bitch and puppies closely for the first 3 weeks after whelping
Know the signs of dystocia, eclampsia, and mastitis for early intervention
Have emergency veterinary contact details ready before whelping begins