Cats in biomedical research are protected by the 3Rs framework (Replace, Reduce, Refine). Understanding how this applies to cats informs welfare advocacy.
Cats used in biomedical research should benefit from the full application of the 3Rs framework - replacement with non-animal alternatives wherever feasible, reduction in numbers to the minimum required for scientific validity, and refinement of procedures to minimize pain and distress. Ongoing implementation of these principles progressively reduces both cat numbers and the welfare costs of necessary research.