Aquaculture Welfare

Atlantic Salmon Sea Lice Biological Control Advanced Methods

Biological control of sea lice using cleaner fish is a major welfare strategy but raises questions about the welfare of the cleaner fish themselves.

Key Facts

Lumpfish and wrasse are deployed as cleaner fish at densities of 1-5% of salmon
Cleaner fish welfare has historically been poorly considered
Lumpfish are sensitive to crowding and show stress responses in salmon cages
Cleaner fish mortality rates can be very high in commercial use
Research into cleaner fish welfare indicators is growing but underfunded

Welfare Considerations

The welfare of cleaner fish used to control sea lice in salmon farming is a significant and often overlooked issue. These fish are sentient individuals that experience fear and pain. Their welfare needs - including refuges from harassment, appropriate diet, and social conditions - must be addressed as part of any credible salmon welfare programme.

What You Can Do

Support aquaculture certification that includes cleaner fish welfare
Advocate for welfare standards specific to lumpfish and wrasse
Choose salmon from producers with transparent cleaner fish protocols