Contagious ovine digital dermatitis and infectious keratoconjunctivitis cause pain, impaired vision, and welfare compromise in affected sheep.
Ocular disease causes acute eye pain, photophobia, and progressive vision impairment that significantly affects sheep welfare and their ability to navigate, graze, and avoid predators. Early treatment is highly effective but requires regular checking of flocks. Mass vaccination against Moraxella is showing promise for reducing outbreak incidence.