Wildlife

Wild Sand Martin Colony Welfare

Sand martins are migratory birds that nest colonially in riverbanks and artificial sand faces, with welfare challenges from habitat loss and climate change.

Key Facts

Sand martins excavate burrows up to 90 cm deep in sandy riverbanks and cliffs
UK populations have declined by 50 percent since the 1970s
Sahel droughts during winter migration cause population crashes through starvation
Artificial sand martin walls provide nesting habitat in areas lacking natural banks
Nest predation by introduced mink is a significant threat at some colonies

Welfare Considerations

Sand martins failing to find nesting sites face breeding failure and population decline. Those affected by Sahel droughts suffer chronic nutritional stress during migration.

What You Can Do

Support river habitat management programs that protect natural sand martin nesting banks
Advocate for mink control programs that protect ground-nesting birds
Donate to organizations creating artificial sand martin nesting walls