Achieving systemic pig welfare improvement requires institutional change within farming organisations, regulatory bodies, retailers, and research institutions. Understanding how institutions change guides effective advocacy.
Lasting pig welfare improvement requires not just individual farm-level changes but changes in the institutions that set standards, enforce regulations, fund research, and determine market access. Understanding how different institutions change - regulatory bodies through evidence and pressure, retailers through consumer and competitive dynamics, research through funding priorities - enables advocates to target efforts where institutional leverage is greatest.