Pig Farming

Pig Weaning Age Science and Welfare

The age at which piglets are weaned significantly affects both sow and piglet welfare, with evidence supporting later weaning for improved piglet outcomes.

Key Facts

EU law sets a minimum weaning age of 28 days with exceptions to 21 days
Later weaning at 28+ days improves piglet gut health and reduces post-weaning disease
Weaning causes acute stress responses including increased vocalisations and cortisol
Sow welfare benefits from later weaning include faster recovery of body condition
Countries with later minimum weaning ages have lower post-weaning antibiotic use

Welfare Considerations

Early weaning creates welfare costs for both sow and piglet. Piglets weaned at 21 days face a more severe immunological and nutritional transition than those weaned at 28 days. The post-weaning period is associated with the highest mortality and morbidity in pig production. The minimum weaning age is therefore a welfare standard with significant practical consequences for piglet health and suffering.

What You Can Do

Support pig welfare standards advocating for minimum 28-day weaning
Advocate for maximum weaning age to be a welfare assurance requirement
Choose pork from farms committed to later weaning age practices