Overview of welfare challenges during horse box rest and isolation, with management strategies.
Box rest welfare is one of the most challenging welfare situations for horses, combining physical restriction with social isolation in a species adapted for continuous movement and social contact. Welfare management during box rest requires attention to feeding frequency, social contact, mental stimulation, and gradual rehabilitation. Gastric ulcer prevention through appropriate feeding and stress reduction is an important welfare priority. Companion animal provision can significantly reduce isolation welfare costs.