Overview of the welfare debate around parrot wing clipping and the evidence on alternatives.
Parrot wing clipping welfare involves complex tradeoffs between safety and natural behaviour expression. Flight is a natural, welfare-important behaviour for psittacine species. Clipping prevents escape risk but also eliminates a significant natural behaviour and can create fear and welfare problems when birds cannot flee perceived threats. Training and environmental design offer welfare-compatible alternatives to clipping for managing escape risk. The welfare debate is not fully resolved, but the value of flight behaviour is increasingly recognised.