Farm Animals

Poultry Ammonia Exposure: Welfare and Health

Ammonia from poultry excreta causes respiratory damage, eye irritation, and compromised welfare in birds and workers in intensive units.

Key Facts

EU welfare regulations limit poultry house ammonia to 20ppm but enforcement is inconsistent
Concentrations above 25ppm cause measurable eye and respiratory damage in chickens
Litter management, ventilation, and stocking density are primary determinants of ammonia levels
Ammonia also causes occupational health problems for farm workers in poorly ventilated buildings

Welfare Considerations

Ammonia exposure is a chronic welfare insult in many intensive poultry systems, causing persistent discomfort and long-term health damage. Effective management within safe limits is achievable but requires consistent monitoring and management commitment.

What You Can Do

Advocate for ammonia monitoring to be included in poultry welfare certification audits
Support poultry producers investing in ventilation and litter quality management
Engage with occupational health research that connects worker welfare to animal welfare in poultry buildings