Sheep are transported long distances for finishing, breeding, and slaughter creating significant welfare burdens.
Sheep transport causes fear, crowding stress, motion sickness, dehydration, and physical injury from falls and trampling. Long journeys without adequate rest and water compound suffering. Mixing of unfamiliar animals in vehicles leads to aggression. Animals loading at abattoirs may see and hear others being slaughtered adding extreme stress. The welfare costs are highest for live export over long distances where conditions are least regulated.