Rewilding projects that restore natural processes and species can significantly improve wild animal welfare outcomes.
Rewilding can improve animal welfare by restoring natural habitat complexity that allows more complete expression of natural behaviours. Restored predator-prey dynamics reduce chronic disease in herbivore populations through natural selection pressure. Habitat connectivity reduces fragmentation-related welfare costs including road mortality and isolation stress. However, reintroduced predators cause welfare impacts on prey species and livestock requiring careful management. Monitoring welfare outcomes should be integrated into rewilding programme design.