Feline Primary Hyperaldosteronism: Hormonal Disorder Management
Primary hyperaldosteronism (Conns syndrome) in cats causes hypertension, hypokalemia, and muscle weakness, often underdiagnosed but highly treatable when identified.
Key Facts
- Caused by adrenal gland tumors producing excess aldosterone
- Leads to hypokalemia (low potassium), hypertension, and characteristic episodic weakness
- Acute episodes of profound weakness are alarming and welfare-significant
- Commonly misdiagnosed as polymyopathy or other muscle diseases
- Medical management with aldosterone antagonists or surgical removal is effective
Welfare Considerations
Feline hyperaldosteronism welfare is affected by the dramatic acute episodes of profound weakness caused by hypokalemia. During these episodes, cats cannot support their weight, may show ventroflexion of the neck, and are clearly distressed and vulnerable. Between episodes, hypertension causes organ damage particularly to eyes, kidneys, and heart. The good news is that once diagnosed correctly, medical management with spironolactone and potassium supplementation typically produces rapid and dramatic welfare improvement. Surgical removal of the adrenal tumor may provide curative welfare benefit in suitable candidates.
What You Can Do
- Seek veterinary assessment promptly for cats showing episodes of weakness
- Test blood pressure in all older cats regularly, as hypertension is common and treatable
- Ensure potassium levels are measured when adrenal disease is suspected
- Administer medications consistently and monitor for welfare improvement
- Discuss surgical referral with your vet for cats with unilateral adrenal tumors