Chronic Kidney Disease in Dogs: Welfare Management and Quality of Life

Canine chronic kidney disease is common in older dogs and requires careful management to minimise welfare impacts and extend good quality of life.

Key Facts

CKD affects an estimated 1 in 10 dogs and becomes more common with age
Clinical signs include increased thirst and urination, weight loss, lethargy, and vomiting
IRIS staging system guides management decisions based on disease severity
Dietary management with phosphorus restriction is central to slowing progression
Blood pressure management and erythropoietin therapy address secondary complications

Welfare Considerations

Dogs with CKD experience welfare impacts from uraemia including nausea, reduced appetite, lethargy, and hypertensive headaches. Anaemia secondary to reduced erythropoietin production causes fatigue and exercise intolerance. The disease is progressive but can be managed effectively for months to years with appropriate treatment. Regular monitoring enables early detection of complications including hypertensive retinal detachment. End-of-life welfare planning is important given the progressive nature of CKD.

What You Can Do

Monitor older dogs for increased thirst and urination as early CKD signs
Feed a veterinarian-recommended renal diet as soon as CKD is diagnosed
Ensure fresh water is always freely available for dogs with CKD
Monitor blood pressure regularly as hypertension is common and treatable
Work with your vet to develop a quality of life monitoring and end-of-life plan