Companion Animals

Cushing Disease in Dogs: Welfare and Management 2026

Hyperadrenocorticism (Cushing disease) is a common endocrine disorder in dogs that significantly affects quality of life if unmanaged.

Key Facts

Cushing disease occurs when the body produces too much cortisol over an extended period
It is most common in middle-aged to older dogs, particularly Poodles, Dachshunds, and Boxers
Clinical signs include increased thirst and urination, pot-bellied appearance, hair loss, and lethargy
Around 80-85% of cases are caused by a pituitary tumour (pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism)
Treatment with trilostane or mitotane can significantly improve quality of life

Welfare Considerations

Cushing disease causes chronic discomfort, muscle weakness, and predisposes dogs to skin infections and diabetes. Undiagnosed dogs may suffer for extended periods as signs develop gradually and owners may attribute them to normal ageing. Once diagnosed and treated, most dogs show marked improvement in energy, coat condition, and quality of life. Regular monitoring is essential as medication doses need adjustment over time.

What You Can Do

Consult a vet promptly if your dog shows signs of Cushing disease, especially increased thirst or a pot-belly
Follow medication protocols carefully and attend all monitoring appointments
Monitor your dog for signs of hypoadrenocorticism (Addisonian crisis) if on trilostane - this requires emergency care
Join owner support groups to share management experience and welfare tips