Companion Animals

Elbow Dysplasia in Dogs: Welfare and Breed Health 2026

Elbow dysplasia is a common developmental joint disease in large breed dogs causing chronic lameness and pain, with a significant inherited component.

Key Facts

Welfare Considerations

Elbow dysplasia causes lifelong chronic pain and reduces exercise tolerance in affected dogs. Many large breed dogs live with significant discomfort from early adulthood, requiring long-term pain management. The heritable nature of the condition means breeding decisions significantly affect future welfare. Schemes for elbow grading exist but participation remains voluntary and inconsistent. Selecting breeding dogs with low elbow grades and prioritising functional soundness over conformation show success is essential for reducing the burden of this condition.

What You Can Do