Companion Animals

Intervertebral Disc Disease in Dogs: Welfare Guide

Intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) is a debilitating spinal condition common in chondrodystrophic breeds, causing severe pain and potential paralysis that significantly impacts quality of life.

Key Facts

Dachshunds account for approximately 50% of all IVDD cases in dogs
Two types: Hansen Type I (acute, disc rupture) and Type II (gradual, disc degeneration)
Signs include reluctance to move, crying when lifted, back arching, and hindlimb weakness
MRI is the gold standard diagnostic tool for IVDD assessment
Early surgical intervention within 24-48 hours of paralysis onset improves outcomes

Welfare Considerations

IVDD causes acute and often severe pain, ranking among the most welfare-significant conditions in companion dogs. Affected dogs may be unable to walk, control their bladder or bowels, or perform normal activities. Pain management, surgical intervention when appropriate, and careful rehabilitation are essential. Breeders of predisposed breeds should consider health testing and breeding decisions that prioritise spinal health.

What You Can Do

Learn the early signs of IVDD in your breed and seek prompt veterinary attention
Minimise jumping and use ramps to reduce spinal stress in predisposed breeds
Maintain healthy weight in at-risk breeds to reduce disc loading
Support breeding reforms that select for healthier spinal conformation in chondrodystrophic breeds