Boarding kennels vary enormously in welfare quality, and owner selection of appropriate facilities significantly affects dog wellbeing during owner absence.
Boarding kennels cause measurable stress responses in most dogs including elevated cortisol, reduced appetite, and altered sleep patterns. The degree of stress depends on kennel quality, individual dog temperament, and kennel duration. High-quality kennels with exercise provision, positive human interaction, appropriate visual contact between dogs, and consistent management significantly reduce stress compared to basic facilities. Home boarding by licensed individuals who provide domestic environments is less stressful for many dogs.