Companion Animals

Chronic Kidney Disease and Welfare in Dogs

Chronic kidney disease affects a significant proportion of older dogs and its welfare management requires careful attention to nutrition, hydration and quality of life assessment.

Key Facts

Chronic kidney disease affects approximately 1 in 10 dogs over 10 years old
CKD is staged using the IRIS classification system guiding treatment decisions
Early detection through regular blood and urine testing enables earlier intervention
Dietary management with reduced protein and phosphorus slows progression
Dehydration from reduced kidney concentrating ability is a key welfare concern

Welfare Considerations

CKD causes progressive welfare deterioration through uraemia, anaemia, hypertension and lethargy. Nausea from uraemic toxins reduces appetite and enjoyment of food. Increased thirst and urination disrupt sleep and normal routines. Well-managed CKD with appropriate diet, hydration support and medication can maintain good quality of life for months or years. Regular welfare assessment using quality of life scales helps guide treatment decisions.

What You Can Do

Schedule annual blood and urine screening for dogs over 7 years old
Implement CKD-specific diets promptly when disease is detected
Ensure fresh water is always available and consider subcutaneous fluid therapy
Monitor quality of life regularly using validated canine welfare scales
Discuss all management options including palliative care with your vet