Intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) is the most common spinal cord injury in dogs, predominantly affecting chondrodystrophic breeds including dachshunds, French bulldogs, and beagles. Modern rehabilitation science has transformed welfare outcomes for dogs with IVDD paralysis.
Dogs with acute IVDD experience significant spinal pain — often before developing paralysis — requiring urgent analgesia. The psychological impact of sudden paralysis on active breeds must be considered: dogs that cannot move normally show frustration and confusion. Post-surgical rehabilitation through hydrotherapy maintains muscle mass, prevents pressure sores, and provides mental stimulation during recovery. Dogs with permanent paralysis managed with wheelchairs and bladder expression can maintain excellent quality of life: they adapt remarkably well to mobility aids and express positive affect including play and social interaction. Welfare assessment should focus on quality of life beyond locomotion — many paralysed dogs are content and pain-free.