Noise anxiety in dogs, particularly related to thunderstorms and fireworks, is one of the most common and undertreated welfare problems in companion animals.
Noise phobia causes acute and severe suffering during exposure events. Dogs may injure themselves attempting to escape, become destructive, urinate or defecate, and show cardiac and respiratory changes consistent with extreme fear. The welfare impact extends beyond the noise event as anticipatory anxiety can develop. Untreated noise phobia frequently worsens with each exposure. Effective management requires a multimodal approach combining behavioral modification, environmental management during events, and pharmacological support including medication during acute events. Owner education about recognizing and addressing noise phobia early prevents the progressive worsening that makes severe cases very difficult to treat.