Companion Animals

Canine Zinc Toxicosis: Welfare and Prevention

Zinc toxicosis in dogs causes acute haemolytic anaemia and multi-organ failure and is an important preventable welfare emergency from ingestion of zinc-containing objects.

Key Facts

Common sources of zinc toxicosis include ingested coins, zinc oxide cream, nuts and bolts, and board game pieces
US pennies minted after 1982 contain 97.5% zinc and are a significant toxicosis risk
Zinc causes intravascular haemolysis by oxidative damage to red blood cell membranes
Clinical signs include vomiting, weakness, pale or yellow gums, orange-brown urine and collapse

Welfare Considerations

Zinc toxicosis causes acute haemolytic anaemia with severe welfare impacts including collapse, respiratory distress and multi-organ failure. Welfare priorities include removal of the zinc source (requiring endoscopy or surgery), blood transfusion for severe anaemia, chelation therapy in some cases, and intensive supportive care. Prevention through keeping zinc-containing objects out of reach is essential.

What You Can Do

Keep all zinc-containing objects including coins, batteries and bolts away from dogs
Seek emergency veterinary care immediately if zinc ingestion is suspected
Bring any vomited material to the vet for identification of the source
Check toy and household product compositions for zinc content before dogs access them