Managing pemphigus foliaceus in dogs — the most common autoimmune skin disease requiring lifelong care.
Pemphigus foliaceus causes significant skin discomfort and systemic welfare impairment. The autoimmune-mediated disruption of skin integrity causes widespread crusting, scaling, and pustule formation. The face — including the nasal planum, ear margins, and periocular skin — is typically most severely affected. Foot pad involvement causes pain during locomotion. Secondary bacterial infection within lesions causes additional discomfort and malodour.
Systemic signs accompany severe disease — fever, lethargy, and lymphadenopathy are common. The visible extent of lesions can be distressing for owners, but the welfare impact is more accurately assessed by the dog's behaviour and comfort level. Dogs with controlled PF can live normal, comfortable lives despite an abnormal appearance.
Immunosuppressive management with prednisolone, often combined with azathioprine or ciclosporin, controls disease in most cases. Treatment carries its own welfare risks — long-term immunosuppression predisposes to infection. The balance between disease control and treatment side effects requires regular monitoring and dose adjustment.