Companion Animals

Canine Prostatic Disease: Welfare Guide for Dog Owners

Welfare-focused guide to prostatic disease in dogs, including benign hyperplasia, prostatitis and prostatic cysts.

Key Facts

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is extremely common in intact male dogs over 5 years
BPH causes discomfort during defecation and urination
Prostatic infections (prostatitis) cause fever, pain and systemic illness
Castration resolves BPH in the majority of cases within weeks
Medical treatment with osaterone or finasteride is available for dogs not suitable for surgery
Prostatic carcinoma is rare but aggressive and carries a poor prognosis
Early signs include ribbon-like stools, straining, and bloody discharge
Regular veterinary checks for intact middle-aged and older dogs are recommended

Welfare Significance

Prostatic disease is a significant welfare concern for intact male dogs. BPH causes chronic discomfort that is often underrecognised, as dogs may adapt their behaviour rather than showing obvious pain. Veterinary assessment and appropriate management — including surgical or medical castration — can dramatically improve quality of life.

What You Can Do

Have intact male dogs checked for prostatic disease from age 5 onwards
Discuss castration options with your vet
Monitor for early signs including straining to defecate or urinate
Seek veterinary attention promptly if bloody urinary discharge appears