Companion Animals

Equine Cushing Disease (PPID): Welfare and Long-Term Management

Welfare guide for horse owners on pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID) — the most common hormonal disorder of older horses.

Key Facts

PPID affects an estimated 15-30% of horses and ponies over 15 years of age
It results from dysfunction of the pituitary gland and elevated ACTIN levels
Clinical signs include abnormal coat shedding (hypertrichosis), muscle wasting, increased drinking and urination, lethargy, and laminitis
Laminitis associated with PPID causes severe pain and is the most common reason for euthanasia in affected horses
Diagnosis is by blood ACTH measurement, ideally in the autumn peak season
Pergolide (Prascend) medication is highly effective at controlling signs and reducing laminitis risk
Regular monitoring (twice yearly ACTH testing) allows medication dose adjustment
Welfare monitoring should include assessment of laminitis risk, comfort, and quality of life

Welfare Significance

PPID is a manageable disease, but without treatment horses suffer unnecessarily from laminitis, muscle wasting, and secondary infections from the abnormal coat. Early diagnosis and medication dramatically improves welfare and longevity. Regular veterinary monitoring is the key to maintaining quality of life in aging horses.

What You Can Do

Have horses over 15 years tested for PPID annually (or autumn blood ACTH)
Start pergolide medication promptly if PPID is confirmed
Work with your vet to manage laminitis risk in PPID-affected horses
Monitor quality of life and comfort — PPID horses need regular welfare assessment