Companion Animals

Sweet Itch in Horses: Welfare Management in UK and Ireland

Sweet itch is a severe allergic skin condition affecting horses and ponies in the UK and Ireland, causing intense pruritus and significant welfare impacts.

Key Facts

Sweet itch is caused by hypersensitivity to Culicoides midge bites
Affected horses show intense rubbing causing hair loss, skin thickening, and open sores
Native pony breeds including Shetland and Highland are particularly susceptible
Midges are most active at dawn and dusk from spring to autumn
No cure exists but management substantially reduces suffering

Welfare Considerations

Sweet itch causes intense, chronic pruritus that drives horses to rub constantly against fences, trees, and stable doors. Self-inflicted wounds become infected and the constant itch-scratch cycle prevents normal rest and grazing behaviour. The condition worsens throughout summer as midge populations peak. Without effective management, sweet itch horses may suffer severe skin damage and chronic secondary infections causing year-round welfare problems.

What You Can Do

Use a close-weave summer sheet and face mask to protect affected horses from midges
Stable horses during peak midge activity at dawn and dusk
Apply veterinarian-recommended insect repellents containing DEET or similar active ingredients
Avoid fields near water where midge populations are highest
Discuss corticosteroid or immunotherapy options with your vet for severe cases