Actinobacillosis in Cattle: Welfare Impact and Management
Actinobacillosis (wooden tongue) is a bacterial infection causing painful swelling of the tongue and lymph nodes in cattle, significantly affecting welfare.
Key Facts
- Caused by Actinobacillus lignieresii, a normal inhabitant of the bovine mouth
- Entry through oral wounds or abrasions leads to painful granuloma formation
- Wooden tongue causes dysphagia, drooling, and inability to eat or drink
- Early treatment with sodium iodide or antibiotics is effective
- Untreated cases lead to severe welfare compromise and production loss
Welfare Considerations
Actinobacillosis causes intense welfare suffering through its effects on eating and drinking. Cattle with advanced wooden tongue cannot adequately prehend or swallow food, leading to weight loss, dehydration, and the distress of being unable to satisfy hunger and thirst. The condition is painful and the granulomas can rupture, causing further discomfort. Early recognition and treatment are essential welfare priorities. Stockpersons should regularly inspect cattle mouths and be alert to early signs of drooling or difficulties eating.
What You Can Do
- Train stockpersons to recognize early signs of wooden tongue
- Act promptly when cattle show difficulty eating or excessive drooling
- Ensure veterinary treatment is initiated without delay
- Minimize oral trauma through good feed and pasture management
- Isolate affected animals to allow undisturbed eating and recovery