Beef finishing systems ranging from grass-based to intensive indoor finishing have different welfare implications that consumers and producers should understand.
Beef finishing welfare depends on the system used. Grass-based finishing provides outdoor access and natural behaviour expression but exposes cattle to weather extremes. Indoor finishing with appropriate space, enrichment and management can provide good welfare. High-density indoor finishing with minimal enrichment and poor ventilation creates chronic welfare compromise. The welfare of transport to slaughter and the slaughter process itself are critical for the final welfare experience.