Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis (Pinkeye) and Cattle Welfare

Pinkeye (IBK) is one of the most painful and economically costly conditions in beef and dairy cattle, with major welfare implications if untreated.

Key Facts

IBK is caused primarily by Moraxella bovis, with face flies playing a key role in disease transmission between animals
Affected cattle develop corneal ulceration that can progress to rupture and permanent blindness within days if untreated
Pain indicators in affected cattle include blepharospasm, lacrimation, photophobia and reduced feed intake
Early treatment with long-acting oxytetracycline injections, combined with temporary eye patching, resolves most cases if initiated promptly

Welfare Considerations

Untreated IBK causes progressive welfare deterioration from acute pain through corneal ulceration to permanent ocular damage. Blind cattle face additional welfare problems including social disadvantage, reduced feed and water access, and injury risk from obstacles. Pain management is an essential but often overlooked component of IBK treatment — anti-inflammatory treatment alongside antibiotics significantly improves welfare outcomes. Face fly control through ear tags reduces transmission and outbreak severity.

What You Can Do

Monitor cattle regularly during peak fly season for early signs of eye irritation and discharge
Treat affected animals promptly with long-acting antibiotics and NSAIDs for pain management
Apply temporary eye patches to exclude light and protect ulcerated corneas during healing
Implement fly control through pour-on insecticides and insecticide-impregnated ear tags