Colic in Horses: Welfare, Prevention, and Emergency Management 2026

Colic is the leading cause of death in horses and a major welfare emergency, requiring rapid recognition and action from owners and vets.

Key Facts

Colic (abdominal pain) is responsible for around 30% of equine deaths in the UK
It has multiple causes including impaction, gas distension, displacement, and strangulation of the intestines
Signs include pawing, flank watching, rolling, sweating, and elevated heart rate
Surgical colic cases require referral to an equine hospital, with survival rates of 70-80% for many surgical conditions
Management factors including feeding routine, water access, and parasite control significantly affect colic risk

Welfare Considerations

Equine colic represents one of the most acute welfare emergencies in domestic animals. Even mild colic causes significant pain, and severe or surgical colics are associated with extreme suffering that may persist for hours before treatment. Rapid recognition of colic signs and immediate veterinary contact substantially improve welfare outcomes. Prevention through consistent feeding routines, unrestricted access to clean water, regular dental care, appropriate parasite management, and providing adequate roughage are evidence-based measures that reduce colic incidence. Owner education on recognising and responding to colic signs is the most important welfare intervention.

What You Can Do

Learn to recognise early signs of colic in your horse and contact your vet promptly
Follow evidence-based colic prevention strategies including regular dental care and worming
Ensure unrestricted access to fresh, clean water for all horses at all times
Establish a relationship with an equine vet before emergencies arise and know their emergency contact