Footrot Prevention and Welfare in Sheep Flocks

Ovine footrot, caused by Dichelobacter nodosus, is one of the most painful and prevalent conditions in sheep, causing lameness that significantly impairs feeding, social behaviour, and productivity.

Key Facts

Footrot affects approximately 5-10% of UK sheep at any one time; in outbreak conditions, rates can exceed 50%
The condition is caused by Dichelobacter nodosus requiring concurrent Fusobacterium necrophorum infection
Signs include severe lameness, kneeling to graze, and separation from the flock
Treatment involves foot paring, topical antiseptic or antibiotic application, and sometimes systemic antibiotics
The SCOPS (Sustainable Control of Parasites in Sheep) programme addresses footrot alongside parasite management

Welfare Considerations

Footrot causes severe pain, evident from the profound lameness affected sheep display and the extreme measures they take to avoid weight-bearing, including prolonged kneeling. Lame sheep are unable to compete effectively for food, are more susceptible to predation, and show decreased reproductive performance. Chronic footrot causes progressive tissue destruction in the hoof. Prevention through biosecurity when buying in sheep, vaccination in high-risk flocks, foot bathing, and regular inspections is substantially more welfare-effective than treating established disease.

What You Can Do

Implement footbathing programmes and quarantine for purchased sheep to prevent footrot introduction
Inspect feet regularly and treat identified cases promptly to prevent progression and spread
Consider vaccination for flocks with high footrot incidence in consultation with your vet
Record and monitor lameness prevalence as a welfare indicator and intervention trigger