Wildlife

Barn Swallow Welfare and Nesting Access

How to protect barn swallow nest sites and support their welfare on farms and in rural buildings.

Key Facts

Swallows nest in open-sided buildings — barns, stables, and sheds
Populations have declined by over 40% since 1970 in the UK
They eat insects caught on the wing — insect abundance is critical
They are legally protected throughout the breeding season

Welfare Considerations

Barn swallow welfare depends on open access to traditional nest sites and abundant aerial invertebrate prey. Building renovation that closes gaps or removes ledges destroys nesting opportunities. Welfare-informed renovation retains access points, fits swallow nest cups, and avoids work during nesting season. Farm insect abundance is improved through reduced insecticide use and wildflower margins.

What You Can Do

Keep barn doors and access points open during nesting season (April-September)
Install swallow nest cups on suitable beams if natural nest sites are lost
Maintain wildflower field margins to support insect prey abundance for swallows