Wildlife

Brent Goose Welfare on UK Estuaries and Coastal Grasslands

Brent geese are compact sea geese that winter on UK estuaries and coastal grasslands after breeding on high Arctic tundra, with welfare challenges around disturbance and food availability.

Key Facts

Two subspecies of brent goose winter in the UK: dark-bellied from Russia and light-bellied from Svalbard and Canada
Total UK wintering population approximately 100000 birds
They feed on zostera seagrass at low tide and move to inland grasslands as seagrass depletes
Seagrass has declined significantly in some key estuaries reducing key food sources
Disturbance at traditional feeding sites forces birds to use sub-optimal habitats

Welfare Considerations

Brent goose welfare on wintering grounds depends on access to seagrass beds and high-quality coastal grassland. Seagrass decline through eutrophication and physical disturbance reduces food availability. Disturbance by recreational users, particularly those using water sports equipment, forces flocks from feeding areas into less productive habitats. Energy reserves at arrival after migration are critical for winter survival.

What You Can Do

Support seagrass restoration programmes on key brent goose estuaries
Respect seasonal restrictions on water sports near key brent goose sites
Participate in wildfowl count surveys on estuaries
Support coastal habitat protection at key brent goose wintering sites
Advocate for water quality improvement to support seagrass recovery