The Spanish imperial eagle remains critically dependent on power line modification to prevent electrocution deaths that previously drove the species toward extinction.
Electrocution on power lines causes instantaneous death when current passes through the bird via contact with two conductors, or a protracted agonising death from severe burns when current arcs through the body. Birds that survive contact sustain severe burn injuries requiring intensive veterinary care. Young imperial eagles, inexperienced with power infrastructure and exploring their first territories, are disproportionately affected. Continued retrofit of dangerous pole designs is essential for welfare and conservation.