Multiple UK seabird species including kittiwake, puffin, and Arctic tern are on the Red List of Birds of Conservation Concern, indicating population declines that represent a welfare emergency.
The scale of seabird population decline represents mass welfare failure at an ecological scale. Individual birds starving, dying from disease, or failing to breed successfully experience welfare suffering that aggregates across millions of individuals. The causes are human-driven and the solutions require human action in fisheries management, climate policy, and disease response.